CFP last date
16 December 2024
Call for Paper
January Edition
IJAIS solicits high quality original research papers for the upcoming January edition of the journal. The last date of research paper submission is 16 December 2024

Submit your paper
Know more
The week's pick
Responsive image
Ordered Frequent Itemsets Matrix Based On Fp-Tree Structure And Apriori Algorithm

Abdulkader M. Al-Badani Abdualmajed A. Al-Khulaidi
Random Articles
Reseach Article

ICT Infrastructure Sharing Framework for Developing Countries: Case of Mobile Operators in Kenya

by Charles B. Malungu, Christopher A. Moturi
journal cover thumbnail

International Journal of Applied Information Systems
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 9 - Number 4
Year of Publication: 2015
Authors: Charles B. Malungu, Christopher A. Moturi
10.5120/ijais15-451392

Charles B. Malungu, Christopher A. Moturi . ICT Infrastructure Sharing Framework for Developing Countries: Case of Mobile Operators in Kenya. International Journal of Applied Information Systems. 9, 4 ( July 2015), 17-24. DOI=10.5120/ijais15-451392

@article{ 10.5120/ijais15-451392,
author = { Charles B. Malungu, Christopher A. Moturi },
title = { ICT Infrastructure Sharing Framework for Developing Countries: Case of Mobile Operators in Kenya },
journal = { International Journal of Applied Information Systems },
issue_date = { July 2015 },
volume = { 9 },
number = { 4 },
month = { July },
year = { 2015 },
issn = { 2249-0868 },
pages = { 17-24 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://www.ijais.org/archives/volume9/number4/768-1392/ },
doi = { 10.5120/ijais15-451392 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2023-07-05T19:00:00.637251+05:30
%A Charles B. Malungu
%A Christopher A. Moturi
%T ICT Infrastructure Sharing Framework for Developing Countries: Case of Mobile Operators in Kenya
%J International Journal of Applied Information Systems
%@ 2249-0868
%V 9
%N 4
%P 17-24
%D 2015
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

The lack of infrastructure in Africa especially south of the Sahara is widely recognized as one of the continent's greatest impediments to sustainable development )[(1)]. Even with this challenge, ICT operators in Kenya prefer to invest in own infrastructure despite the availability of underutilized ICT resources from other operators and players. This has led to wastage of scarce resources, high cost of services, poor quality services, environmental degradation and low investment in rural areas among others. The research sought to propose an adoption framework for ICT infrastructure sharing for mobile operators in Kenya after establishing the levels, drivers and challenges of infrastructure sharing. Data was collected from ICT staff of the four mobile operators Safaricom, Airtel, Essar and Telkom Kenya Orange across the country using a questionnaire. To supplement and increase reliability, data was also collected from other ICT stakeholders such CAK, ICTA, submarine operators, ICT vendors, KBC and non ICT related firms Equity, Barclays and Kenya Power Company. The research found out that the level of ICT infrastructure sharing among mobile operators was low at 20. 4%. The five key drivers were identified as new market entrants, cost optimization, environmental conservation, operators focus on core business and network deployment to underserved and un served areas. The five main challenges were lack of regulatory framework, high capital, complexity of the sharing process, high charges by infrastructure owners and operators unwillingness to share. The TOE framework can be adopted for ICT infrastructure sharing with organizational factors having a greater influence than technology and external factors. Operator controlled infrastructure rollout had worked previously but due to changes in local and global market, there was need to change the way ICT resources were utilized. To achieve quick wins, operators had to partner with competitors by leasing and undertaking joint ventures. Infrastructure sharing was beneficial hence strategies to promote the same by use of incentives license fee and tax concessions, having a legal framework, government investment in backbone infrastructure and attracting independent firms will ensure competitiveness and a knowledge economy status

References
  1. Commonwealth Business Council, 2013. Africa Infrastructure Investment report by Commonwealth Business Council. http://www. infomercatiesteri. it/public/images/paesi/34/files/The_. Retrieved on 3rd July, 2014.
  2. World Bank Group, 2013. World Bank Group ICT strategy 2012-2015. http://www. worldbank. org Retrieved on 2nd February, 2014.
  3. Namisiko, P. & Sakwa, M. 2013. Open information communication technology infrastructure sharing framework. Site sharing and its challenges to mobile service providers in Kenya. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication engineering vol. 2, issue 7, pp. 2738 – 2744.
  4. Nepal Telecommunication Authority, 2010. Consultation paper on infrastructure sharing. http://www. nta. gov. np/en/2012-06-05-09-03-41/cp-2010. Retrieved on 30th January, 2014.
  5. International Telecommunication Union, 2008. ITU trends in Telecommunication reform. Challenges from an economic and practical point of view – Six degrees of sharing. http://www. itu. int/ITU-D/treg/publications /Trends08. Retrieved on 2nd February, 2014.
  6. Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission, 2008. Guidelines for infrastructure sharing; http://www. ictregulationtoolkit. org Retrieved on 20th August, 2014.
  7. Venmani, D. P. ,Yvon, G. , Djamal, Z. 2012. Infrastructure Sharing: A Cost Effective Alternative for Resiliency in 4G-LTE Mobile Networks. International Journal on New Computer Architectures and their applications IJNCAA 21: 113-126.
  8. Allen & Overy, 2012. Passive infrastructure sharing. http://www. allenovery. com/SiteCollectionDocuments/Passive% 20Infrastructure%20Sharing. pdf. Retrieved on 30th January, 2014.
  9. Kimiloglu, H. , Ozturan, H. , Kutlu, B. 2011. Market Analysis for Mobile Virtual Network Operators MVNOs: The Case of Turkey. International Journal of Business and Management Vol. 6, No. 6.
  10. Canadian International Development Agency, 1999. Evaluation study of the Panaftel project in Central African countries Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and Benin. http://www. acdicida. gc. ca/inet/images. nsf/vLUImages/ Performancereview4/ $file/Panaftel English. pdf. Retrieved on 30th January, 2014.
  11. Mukasa, S. 1992. Towards Pan-African Cooperation in Satellite Communication: An analysis of the RASCOM Project; African Council for Communication Education, Africa Media Review Vol. 6 No. 21992.
  12. Aloo, C. 1988. Development of Telecommunications Infrastructure in Africa: Network Evolution, Present Status and Future Development; Africa Media Review Vol. 2 No. 31988.
  13. Equity bank, 2014. Equity MVNO Strategy. http://www. equitybankgroup. com. Retrieved on 28th May, 2014.
  14. ICT Authority Kenya, 2014. The Kenya National ICT Master plan. Towards a digital Kenya 2013/14 – 2017/18. http://www. icta. go. ke/national-ict-masterplan. Retrieved on 13th June, 2014
  15. Communications Authority Kenya, 2014. Sector statistics report Quarter 2_ 2014. http://ca. go. ke/index. php/statistics. Retrieved on 13th June, 2014.
  16. Pakistan Telecommunication Authority, 2013. Annual Report. www. pta. gov. pk/annual-reports/annreport 2013_1. pdf. Retrieved on 13th June, 2014.
  17. Telecom Regulatory Authority India, 2013. Infrastructure Sharing and Open Access to Cable Landing stations. http://www. trai. gov/. Retrieved on 10th June, 2014.
  18. Idachaba, E. F. 2010. Telecommunication Cost Reduction in Nigeria through Infrastructure Sharing between Operators. Pacific Journal of Science and Technology. Pp. 272-276
  19. Shruti, B. 2011. Infrastructure sharing in telecom industry: Growth of new business models& their prospective trends. Symbiosis institute of telecom management, Pune, India volume-2, issue 1pp. 2319–5479.
  20. Djamal, E. M. , Tinku, R. & Yvon, G. 2010. On the role of Infrastructure sharing for mobile network operators in emerging markets. France Telecom-Orange R&D & CREATE-NET Research Center, Trento, Italy.
  21. Virgin Mobile, 2013. Is the region opening up? MVNO world congress, Rome. http://www. mvnodynamics. com. Retrieved on 13th June, 2014.
  22. Tower exchange, 2014. Africa Tower exchange. Journal of the telecom tower industry in Africa, CALA and Asia, ISSUE 10, 2014. http://www. towerxchange. com. Retrieved on 2nd November, 2014.
  23. Bhutan Information Communication and Media Authority, 2009. Consultation paper on ICT infrastructure sharing. http://www. bicma. gov. bt/paper/ict. pdf. Retrieved on 24th August, 2013.
  24. Bogere, J. A. , Otim, J. S. , Sseguyu, R. 2011. The Feasibility of National Roaming in Highly Competitive Mobile Markets: A Case Study of Uganda. School of Computing and Information Technology Department of Networks Makerere University.
  25. GSMA, 2013. Mobile economy 2013, A. T. KeArney. http://www. atkearney. de/documents/856314/1214748/BIP_The_Mobile_Economy_2013. pdf/1d78cea9-9e18-40ec-98d5-783dfbd86620. Retrieved on 12th June, 2014.
  26. International Telecommunication Union, 2013. Trends in telecommunication reform. http://www. itu. int/. Retrieved on 13th June, 2014.
  27. Singh, N. P. 2010. Growth Strategies of Mobile Virtual Network Operators in Oman. Asian Journal of Business Management, 24: 94-109, 2010 ISSN: 2041-8752.
  28. Analysys Mason, 2012. Broadcasting and mobile towers: Key factors affecting investment opportunities, 21454-482. http://www. analysysmason. com/PageFiles/22112/Analysys_Mason_Broadcasting_and_Mobile_Towers_Jan12. pdf. Retrieved on 25th July, 2014.
  29. KPMG, 2010. Cutting through complexity; Passive infrastructure sharing in telecommunications. Tower company landscape changes in Africa and the Middle East. http://www. kpmg. com/BE/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/Passive-Infrastructure-Sharing-in-Telecommunications. pdf. Retrieved on 22nd January, 2014.
  30. Booz, 2007. Telecom infrastructure sharing; Regulatory enablers and economic benefits. http://www. strategyand. pwc. com/media/uploads/Telecom-Infrastructure-Sharing. pdf. Retrieved on 30th January, 2014.
  31. Ericsson, 2010. Infrastructure sharing Trends for Mobile e – Broadband Networks. http://aitec. usp. net. Retrieved on 11th March, 2014.
  32. Oliveira, T. & Martins, M. F. 2011. Literature Review of Information Technology Adoption Models at Firm Level. The Electronic Journal Information Systems Evaluation Volume 14 Issue 1, pp. 110-121.
  33. Borgman, H. P. , Bahli, B. , Heier, H. , Schewski, F. 2013. Cloudrise: Exploring cloud computing adoption and governance with the TOE. Paper presented at 2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.
  34. Omwansa, K. T. , Waema, M. T. , Omwenga, B. 2014. Cloud Computing in Kenya. Baseline survey. University of Nairobi School of Computing and Informatics SCI & Computing for Development Lab C4DLab.
  35. Botswana Telecommunication Authority, 2011. Regulation and guidelines on sharing passive communications infrastructure. http://www. bocra. org. bw/guidelines-sharing-passive-communications-infrastructure. Retrieved on 12th June, 2014.
  36. Safaricom Ltd, 2014. Annual financial report 2014. http://www. safaricom. co. ke. Retrieved on 10th September, 2014.
  37. Communication Commission of Kenya 2013. Strategic plan 2013 – 2018, pp. 6 - 16, 31 – 34. http://www. cck. go. ke. Retrieved on January 25, 2014
  38. The Kenya national broadband strategy 2013-2017, pp. 3 – 7,16,43-45. http://www. cck. go. ke//The_National_Broadband_Strategy. pdf. Retrieved on January 25, 2014
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

ICT infrastructure sharing framework Mobile operators cost optimization TOE framework

Powered by PhDFocusTM